Portal:Peru

Republic of Peru
*República del Perú* (Spanish)
Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish)
	Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Lima; 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W
ISO 3166 code	PE

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Introduction

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.

Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551.

Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. (Full article...)

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Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Peru ratified the convention on February 24, 1982, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list.

, Peru has 13 sites on the World Heritage List. The first sites within Peru were inscribed on the list at the 7th Session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Florence, Italy in 1983: "City of Cusco" and the "Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu". Nine sites are listed as cultural sites, two as natural, and two as mixed, meeting both cultural and natural selection criteria, as determined by the organization's selection criteria. The site Chan Chan Archaeological Zone was inscribed to the list in 1986 and immediately placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger as the adobe constructions are easily damaged by heavy rain and erosion. The Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System site is a transnational site, also shared with Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador. In addition, there are eight sites on the tentative list. (Full article...)

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Photo credit: Quinet

The Peruvian population has been formed by the combination of different groups over five centuries. Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before Spanish conquest in the 16th century. Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and with Indigenous peoples. After independence, there has been a gradual European immigration. Chinese arrived in the 1850s and have since become a major influence. Other immigrant groups include Arabs and Japanese. (more...)

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The Colombia-Peru War (September 1, 1932 - May 24, 1933) was an armed conflict between the Republic of Colombia and the Republic of Peru. The War was the result of dissatisfaction with the Salomón-Lozano Treaty and the imposition of heavy tariffs on sugar and started with an internal insurrection in Peru, a civilian takeover of the city Iquitos. On the first of september President Luis Miguel Sánchez dispatched two regiments of the Peruvian Army to Leticia and Tarapacá, both Peruvian settlementes in the Amazonas Region in present day southern Colombia. (more...)

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In this month

April 3, 1983 - The Lucanamarca massacre took place in which 69 peasants were killed by the Shining Path organization in and around the town of Lucanamarca.

April 12, 1671 - Pope Clement IX canonized Rose of Lima, making her the first Roman Catholic saint in the Western Hemisphere.

April 22, 1997 - The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ended when Peruvian armed forces raided the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru in Lima and killed all Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) militants.

April 26, 1538 - Two rival Spanish military forces engaged in the Battle of Las Salinas near Cusco. Pizarro's forces defeated those of rival conquistador Diego de Almagro.

April 28, 1947 - Thor Heyerdahl set sail from Peru with his ship the Kon-Tiki to finally reach the Tuamotu Archipelago after 101 days and 4,300 miles at sea.

April 30, 1932 - Start of the Colombia–Peru War an armed conflict with Colombia concerning a long-standing border dispute in the Amazonas region.

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General images

The following are images from various Peru-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Life expectancy in Peru since 1940 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 2Population map of Peru in 2007 (regional) (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 3
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 4The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 5Peruvian Paso (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 6Ages pyramid of Peru in 2007 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 7Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 8Life expectancy in Peru since 1960 by gender (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 9Amerindian woman with child (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 10
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 11Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 12Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 13Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 14The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 15Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 16Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 17Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 18Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 19Peruvian girls (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 20Chinatown in Lima (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 21Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 22The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 23Historical population of Peru (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 24Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 25The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 26Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 27Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 28Peruvian school children with an OLPC XO-1 laptop (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 29Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 30Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 31Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)

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Vinicunca or Rainbow Mountain

Vinicunca, or Winikunka, also called Montaña de Siete Colores (literally: Mountain of seven colors), Montaña de Colores (Mountain of colors) or Montaña Arcoíris (Rainbow Mountain), is a mountain in the Andes of Peru with an altitude of 5,200 metres (17,100 ft) above sea level. It is located on the road to the Ausangate mountain, in the Cusco region, between Cusipata District, province of Quispicanchi, and Pitumarca District, province of Canchis.

Tourist access requires a two-hour drive from Cusco and a walk of about 5 kilometers (3.1 mi), or a three-and-a-half-hour drive through Pitumarca and a one-half-kilometre (0.31 mi) steep walk (1–1.5 hours) to the hill. As of 2019, no robust methods of transportation to Vinicunca have been developed to accommodate travelers, as it requires passage through a valley. (Full article...)

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Did you know (auto-generated) - load new batch

... that Juan José Cabezudo was an openly gay chef and street-food seller in 19th-century Lima?
... that the decisive participation of a Peruvian cavalry unit in the Battle of Junín led Simón Bolívar to rename them the Hussars of Junín?
... that the Balconcillo mutiny is considered to be the first coup d'état in the history of Peru?
... that Peruvian Viagra grows on the roots of plants?
... that Swedish naval officer Axel Lagerbielke was imprisoned in Lima for over a year, held in Callao and eventually escaped from Panama on an English packet boat to Jamaica?
... that the Peruvian Civil Guard officer Mariano Santos Mateo was nicknamed the Brave Man of Tarapacá because he captured a banner of a Chilean military unit during the Battle of Tarapacá?
... that some prisoners in Peru get tattoos of Sarita Colonia for alleged protection?
... that Josiane Lima won Brazil's first Paralympic rowing medal?

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“

It isn't true that convicts live like animals: animals have more room to move around.

”

Peruvian writer, politician, journalist, and essayist Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa

Wikiquote

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Basic facts & figures

National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census

Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

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More did you know...

...that in the Andes, llamas (pictured) are used as pack animals, as well as for the production of fiber and meat?
...that the Argentinian General José de San Martín proclaimed the independence of Peru on July 28, 1821?
...that football player Reimond Manco was selected as the best player of the 2007 South American Under-17 Football Championship?
...that as of 2004 access to water in Peru extended to 89% of the urban population but only to 65% of the rural population?
...that U.S. citizen Lori Berenson is serving a 20-year prison term in Peru for collaborating with the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement?

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Peru}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

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